Portable electronics are everywhere in society today.  From restaurants using tablets to take orders and receive payment, to body cameras worn by police officers, to the cell phone that is either in your pocket or on your desk right now.  One of the most important advancements in battery technology was the invention of the lithium battery.  These batteries have energy densities of up to 100 times higher than legacy batteries.  But these batteries also come with a fire risk and their makeup coupled with their energy potential makes them pose a significant challenge in the event they are involved in a fire.  There are two major types of lithium batteries: lithium batteries are non-rechargeable and lithium-ion batteries can be recharged.

From 2019 to 2022, New York City has seen a significant increase in the number of lithium-ion battery fires.  FDNY responded to 28 lithium-ion fires in 2019, 104 in 2021 and 216 in 2022, roughly doubling each year.  The number of injuries has kept pace as well with 16 reported in 2019, 79 in 2021, and 147 in 2022.

While lithium-ion batteries can cause major fires, they are generally very safe to use as long as you follow all of the manufacturer’s instructions on how to properly use and recharge the batteries.  There are several other safety tips that you can follow to limit the risk of a lithium battery fire:

• Always buy products which contain lithium batteries from a reputable source.  If buying online use extreme caution as the batteries that are being used may not be held to the same stringent testing requirements as found in the U.S. When in doubt, look for the UL listed mark on the battery.  This means it has been adequately tested for safety.

   

• Always read and follow manufacturer’s instructions when charging and storing the batteries.  Often times you will find time-limits for charging or temperature requirements for storing. 
• Use the charging cord that came with the battery and not just one that has the same adapter, different batteries may have different voltage or amp requirements to safely charge it. 
• Charge your batteries on a stable, non-combustible surface if able and never charge it on a bed or couch. 
• When charging, do not use an extension cord or multi-plug adapter, plug the charger directly into the wall outlet.
• Never leave an e-bike or e-scooter unattended while charging.
• Inspect your lithium batteries before use and weekly afterwards.  Immediately stop using the battery if you find it misshapen, emitting a strange noise or odor, or if the battery feels hot to the touch.  If you discover these conditions, take the battery outside immediately.
• Never dispose of lithium batteries in the trash.  Bring them to a location that accepts these batteries.  You can find a list by visiting https://www.call2recycle.org/locator/
• If you do experience a fire from a lithium battery, do not attempt to extinguish the fire.  Leave the area, close all doors, and call 9-1-1. 

In addition to smaller electronics, electronic vehicles (EVs) are beginning to flood the market.  It is incredibly important to follow all of the manufacturer’s instructions, as a tremendous amount of energy is stored in these. 

• Prior to purchasing an EV contact a licensed electrician to inspect your homes wiring, as it may not be suitable for EV charging. 
• All charging components must be installed by a licensed electrician.
• Always use proper charging cords. Never use a multiplug adapter or extension cord.